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Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey

Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey
March 27, 2023
Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey

Modest growth resumes in Texas manufacturing, but outlooks continue to worsen

What’s new this month

For this month’s survey, Texas business executives were asked supplemental questions on their revenue outlook and concerns. Results for these questions from the Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey, Texas Service Sector Outlook Survey and Texas Retail Outlook Survey have been released together. Read the special questions results.

Texas factory activity expanded slightly in March after contracting in February, according to business executives responding to the Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey. The production index, a key measure of state manufacturing conditions, moved up from -2.8 to 2.5, a reading suggestive of a modest increase in output.

Other measures of manufacturing activity showed mixed signals this month. The new orders index was negative for a 10th month in a row and came in at -14.3, little changed from February. The growth rate of orders index was also negative and largely unchanged, at -15.2. The capacity utilization index returned to positive territory, moving up six points to 2.3, while the shipments index pushed down from -5.0 to -10.5.

Perceptions of broader business conditions continued to worsen in March. The general business activity index slipped two points to -15.7. The company outlook index remained negative but rose four points to -13.3. The outlook uncertainty index came in at 22.0, down slightly from February but still elevated.

Labor market measures suggest a resumption of employment growth and continued lengthening of workweeks. The employment index shot up 11 points to 10.4 after dipping below zero last month. Twenty-four percent of firms noted net hiring, while 14 percent noted net layoffs. The hours worked index edged down to 2.6, a reading slightly below average.

Price and wage pressures receded in March, though wage growth remained elevated relative to average. The raw materials prices index retreated five points to 20.3, falling further below its series average of 27.9. The finished goods prices index dropped from 15.8 to 7.0, falling below its series average of 9.0 for the first time since 2020. The wages and benefits index inched down two points to 30.5.

Expectations regarding future manufacturing activity were mixed in March. The future production index remained positive but fell eight points to 13.5, signaling well-below-average output growth is expected over the next six months. The future general business activity index pushed further negative, from -2.9 to -11.2. Most other measures of future manufacturing activity remained positive but moved lower this month.

Next release: Monday, April 24

Data were collected March 14–22, and 92 Texas manufacturers responded to the survey. The Dallas Fed conducts the Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey monthly to obtain a timely assessment of the state’s factory activity. Firms are asked whether output, employment, orders, prices and other indicators increased, decreased or remained unchanged over the previous month.

Survey responses are used to calculate an index for each indicator. Each index is calculated by subtracting the percentage of respondents reporting a decrease from the percentage reporting an increase. When the share of firms reporting an increase exceeds the share reporting a decrease, the index will be greater than zero, suggesting the indicator has increased over the prior month. If the share of firms reporting a decrease exceeds the share reporting an increase, the index will be below zero, suggesting the indicator has decreased over the prior month. An index will be zero when the number of firms reporting an increase is equal to the number of firms reporting a decrease. Data have been seasonally adjusted as necessary.

March 27, 2023

Results summary

Historical data are available from June 2004 to the most current release month.

Business Indicators Relating to Facilities and Products in Texas
Current (versus previous month)
IndicatorMar IndexFeb IndexChangeSeries
Average
Trend*% Reporting Increase% Reporting No Change% Reporting Decrease

Production

2.5

–2.8

+5.3

10.6

1(+)

23.3

55.9

20.8

Capacity Utilization

2.3

–4.1

+6.4

8.6

1(+)

22.6

57.1

20.3

New Orders

–14.3

–13.2

–1.1

6.2

10(–)

18.9

48.0

33.2

Growth Rate of Orders

–15.2

–16.9

+1.7

0.2

11(–)

13.2

58.4

28.4

Unfilled Orders

–9.4

–13.3

+3.9

–1.5

8(–)

12.1

66.4

21.5

Shipments

–10.5

–5.0

–5.5

9.2

3(–)

19.1

51.3

29.6

Delivery Time

0.6

3.4

–2.8

1.4

2(+)

16.9

66.8

16.3

Finished Goods Inventories

6.6

–3.0

+9.6

–3.2

1(+)

24.2

58.2

17.6

Prices Paid for Raw Materials

20.3

25.1

–4.8

27.9

35(+)

28.6

63.1

8.3

Prices Received for Finished Goods

7.0

15.8

–8.8

9.0

32(+)

17.7

71.6

10.7

Wages and Benefits

30.5

32.7

–2.2

20.9

35(+)

30.5

69.5

0.0

Employment

10.4

–1.0

+11.4

7.9

1(+)

24.1

62.1

13.7

Hours Worked

2.6

4.9

–2.3

3.8

4(+)

17.2

68.2

14.6

Capital Expenditures

2.9

–1.3

+4.2

6.9

1(+)

15.8

71.3

12.9

General Business Conditions
Current (versus previous month)
IndicatorMar IndexFeb IndexChangeSeries
Average
Trend**% Reporting Improved% Reporting No Change% Reporting Worsened

Company Outlook

–13.3

–17.5

+4.2

5.8

13(–)

12.7

61.3

26.0

General Business Activity

–15.7

–13.5

–2.2

2.2

11(–)

12.6

59.1

28.3

IndicatorMar IndexFeb IndexChangeSeries
Average
Trend*% Reporting Increase% Reporting No Change% Reporting Decrease

Outlook Uncertainty

22.0

25.0

–3.0

16.8

23(+)

30.8

60.4

8.8

Business Indicators Relating to Facilities and Products in Texas
Future (six months ahead)
IndicatorMar IndexFeb IndexChangeSeries
Average
Trend*% Reporting Increase% Reporting No Change% Reporting Decrease

Production

13.5

21.3

–7.8

37.5

35(+)

27.0

59.5

13.5

Capacity Utilization

9.2

15.2

–6.0

34.4

35(+)

21.3

66.6

12.1

New Orders

6.0

10.2

–4.2

34.8

5(+)

19.7

66.6

13.7

Growth Rate of Orders

0.0

0.7

–0.7

25.8

1()

16.1

67.8

16.1

Unfilled Orders

–4.5

–4.7

+0.2

3.3

10(–)

10.4

74.7

14.9

Shipments

12.7

18.0

–5.3

35.8

35(+)

27.1

58.5

14.4

Delivery Time

0.7

–9.8

+10.5

–1.4

1(+)

12.6

75.5

11.9

Finished Goods Inventories

0.0

–1.0

+1.0

0.4

1()

14.0

72.1

14.0

Prices Paid for Raw Materials

24.9

25.1

–0.2

34.3

36(+)

31.8

61.3

6.9

Prices Received for Finished Goods

18.6

24.5

–5.9

21.1

35(+)

29.1

60.5

10.5

Wages and Benefits

41.2

38.2

+3.0

39.4

35(+)

42.0

57.2

0.8

Employment

16.1

23.6

–7.5

23.3

34(+)

29.0

58.1

12.9

Hours Worked

–1.0

4.7

–5.7

9.2

1(–)

12.6

73.8

13.6

Capital Expenditures

16.9

10.0

+6.9

19.8

34(+)

28.6

59.7

11.7

General Business Conditions
Future (six months ahead)
IndicatorMar IndexFeb IndexChangeSeries
Average
Trend**% Reporting Increase% Reporting No Change% Reporting Worsened

Company Outlook

–7.7

–0.4

–7.3

19.2

2(–)

11.9

68.5

19.6

General Business Activity

–11.2

–2.9

–8.3

13.3

11(–)

13.5

61.8

24.7

*Shown is the number of consecutive months of expansion or contraction in the underlying indicator. Expansion is indicated by a positive index reading and denoted by a (+) in the table. Contraction is indicated by a negative index reading and denoted by a (–) in the table.

**Shown is the number of consecutive months of improvement or worsening in the underlying indicator. Improvement is indicated by a positive index reading and denoted by a (+) in the table. Worsening is indicated by a negative index reading and denoted by a (–) in the table.

Data have been seasonally adjusted as necessary.

March 27, 2023

Production index

Production Chart

Downloadable chart

March 27, 2023

Comments from survey respondents

These comments are from respondents’ completed surveys and have been edited for publication.

Computer and electronic product manufacturing
  • We continue to struggle to find qualified manufacturing employees. We are investing heavily in automation to increase productivity and allow us to meet demand without adding head count. This also allows us to pay more to the people we have, which should help us retain skilled people.
  • We are closely monitoring the banking meltdown with customers and suppliers. There has been minimal impact so far.
  • We expected things to cyclically slow, and all markets are correcting except auto. We expect once inventories reduce from elevated levels, we will begin to ship closer to end demand, likely mid-to-late second half 2023.
  • [The collapse of] Silicon Valley Bank could be the beginning of more challenges ahead.
  • We are seeing steady growth in our services business while at the same time phasing out older hardware-based sales. We are considering outsourcing our warehouse and fulfillment services.
Fabricated metal product manufacturing
  • Activity has picked up. We are cautiously optimistic regarding activity this year. Downward risk factors (inflation, workforce, and global security threats) are still more significant than the potential economic tailwinds.
Food manufacturing
  • Margins are better than they have been since COVID began. Business is good right now.
  • Illiquidity of consumer customers is increasing. Stagflation is upon us. The politically charged funny money, the denial of economic realities by the current administration and the illusion of prosperity have come home.
Food and beverage stores
  • The current market upheaval with bank failures and inflation is still above acceptable levels and the main driver of my thoughts. How this is handled in the near term will impact the future exponentially. Higher interest rates could mean more bank failures. The government cannot insure all deposits in all the banks. I do not see any price pressure on raw materials in the near term. Labor is still a problem; finding and retaining good employees is challenging.
Machinery manufacturing
  • We are holding steady at current revenue; however, there are many uncertainties that are causing us to be extremely cautious.
  • We have seen our business improve substantially, but others not so much. We’ve vertically integrated our business, which has improved profitability and delivery time greatly. Even our competitors are buying from us now. We are spending heavily to bring our production in-house, which directly hurts our current suppliers but has substantially reduced our costs and delivery time, thus increasing our customers’ satisfaction.
  • Our outlook is horrible. The level of certainty is zero. Production is hand to mouth. We cannot find workers.
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing
  • We are laying off workers for the first time since 2010.
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing
  • The supply chain is still a huge concern. Raw materials are steadily increasing in cost and getting harder to locate in some instances.
Primary metal manufacturing
  • Business is slowing down. Mexican imports are increasing. We can no longer sell all of our capacity. Requests for quotations for curtain walls for office buildings are drying up for 2024. We actually expect that part of our business will slow down in the third and fourth quarters.
  • Foreign competition is at an all-time record percentage for our segment of the industry. Several countries, including Mexico, are subsidizing manufacturers in our industry. Our industry association is looking into antidumping charges on several countries that are known to subsidize their manufacturing plants exporting to the U.S. On a positive note, there was a recent customs ruling that any product containing Russian-sourced aluminum will be subject to a 200 percent tariff. A declaration of country of origin for aluminum will be required for imports of aluminum products. Several of the countries subsidizing our competitors are also using Russian-sourced aluminum. This ruling should help somewhat to fight the unfair trade practices.
Printing and related support activities
  • We continue to see new orders coming in, sustaining the price increase we implemented due to increased labor and material costs. We hope this holds up but are worried that the slowdown we are seeing may create competitive pressures on maintaining price margins. It is still very tough to find employees wanting or willing to work. Perhaps we need to loosen up on immigration restrictions to help with this shortage of laborers.
Transportation equipment manufacturing
  • There are too many negatives in the economy: International conflict, inflation, poor national leadership, deficit spending, the Federal Reserve keeping rates artificially low and now raising them quickly and steeply, thus stressing the financial markets.

Historical Data

Historical data can be downloaded dating back to June 2004.

Indexes

Download indexes for all indicators. For the definitions of all variables, see Data Definitions.

Unadjusted
Seasonally adjusted

All Data

Download indexes and components of the indexes (percentage of respondents reporting increase, decrease, or no change). For the definitions of all variables, see Data Definitions.

Unadjusted
Seasonally adjusted

Questions regarding the Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey can be addressed to Emily Kerr at emily.kerr@dal.frb.org.

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